All or Nothing at All

A songwriter named Arthur Altman wrote the music for this in 1939. The song needed lyrics, so music publishing mogul Lou Levy asked his friend Jack Lawrence to help out. Lawrence had written many popular songs, including "Foolin' Myself" for Billie Holiday, "What Will I Tell My Heart?" for Bing Crosby, and "If I Didn't Care" for The Ink Spots. He agreed and added lyrics to the song. Altman made a few changes to the melody to accommodate the lyrics.

After this was written, Lou Levy found three prominent orchestras to record it. One of the orchestras was led by Freddy Martin, another by Jimmy Dorsey (with vocals by Bob Eberly), and the third by Harry James. James had recently discovered a 24-year-old vocalist from Hoboken, New Jersey, named Frank Sinatra, who sang this in his version. Despite strong renditions from big-name orchestras, all three singles disappeared without a hint of public interest. Even though this was a flop, Sinatra's career took off. He joined Tommy Dorsey, the most successful bandleader of the early '40s, and became the featured vocalist on 39 Top-20 singles. He was a heartthrob sensation, headliner and show business icon. He was the most talked-about performer in the music industry and signed a deal with Columbia Records, one of the biggest labels in the business.

In 1943, in order to obtain both more pay and benefits for its members, the American Federation Of Musicians instituted a "Record Ban" that prohibited professional musicians from all recording activities. At first, the record companies weren't worried. They thought the public wouldn't know, or (especially in current wartime conditions) care whether skilled musicians were performing on the records they purchased. The market was soon flooded with unaccompanied singing groups, amateur accordion players, kazoo bands, bagpipe recitals and harmonica combos. As is the case whenever the public is underestimated, the market was soon drowning in unsold recordings. At Columbia Records, panic prevailed. They had the hottest new singer in show business on their roster and could not record him. Lou Levy came up with the solution for both this particular problem and for the music business in general - since the musician's union was restricting only current recording, they could reissue previous failed recordings by current stars. They found Sinatra's 1939 recording of this song and changed the label credit from "The Harry James Orchestra with vocal by Frank Sinatra" to "Frank Sinatra" with "accompanied by Harry James Orchestra" in small print. This time, the song was a huge hit. It stayed near the top of the charts for half a year and was followed by another 116 Top 40 songs by Sinatra over the next four decades.